Mukavala suti yovomerezeka, muvale tayi yokongola, yokongola komanso yokongola, komanso perekani kukongola ndi ulemu.Komabe, tayi ya m’khosi, yomwe imaimira chitukuko, inachokera ku kusatukuka.

Chovala choyambirira cha khosi chinayambira mu Ufumu wa Roma.Pa nthawiyo, asilikaliwo anali atavala nsalu pachifuwa, yomwe ankapukuta lupangalo.Pomenya nkhondo, ankakokera lupanga pansaluyo, yomwe inkapukuta magazi ake.Choncho, tayi yamakono nthawi zambiri imagwiritsa ntchito chitsanzo cha mizere, chiyambi chimakhala mu izi.

Nsombayi yafika kutali komanso yosangalatsa kuchokera ku Britain, yomwe kale inali dziko lakumbuyo kwa nthawi yaitali.M'zaka za m'ma Middle Ages, chakudya chachikulu cha British chinali nkhumba, ng'ombe ndi mutton, ndipo sankadya ndi mpeni ndi mphanda kapena timitengo.Popeza kunalibe zida zometa m’masiku amenewo, amuna achikulire anali ndi ndevu zosasamba zomwe ankazipukuta ndi manja awo akamadetsa ndevu zawo podya.Azimayi nthawi zambiri amachapa zovala zamafuta otere kwa amuna.Atayesetsa kwambiri, anapeza njira yothetsera vutoli.Ankapachika nsalu pansi pa kolala ya amuna, yomwe inkatha kupukuta pakamwa pawo nthawi iliyonse, ndipo ankakhomerera timiyala ting’onoting’ono m’makofi, amene ankadula amunawo akamapukuta pakamwa pawo.M’kupita kwa nthaŵi, amuna Achingelezi anasiya khalidwe lawo losatukuka, ndipo nsalu yopachikidwa pa kolala ndi timiyala ting’onoting’ono pa makofi tinakhala zinthu zamwambo za malaya aamuna Achingelezi.Pambuyo pake, idasintha kukhala zida zodziwika bwino - makosi ndi mabatani a cuff - ndipo pang'onopang'ono zidadziwika padziko lonse lapansi.Kodi ndi liti pamene anthu anayamba kuvala zomangira, n’chifukwa chiyani ankavala zomangira, ndipo zomangira zakale zinali zotani?Ili ndi funso lovuta kutsimikizira.Chifukwa pali zinthu zochepa za mbiri yakale zolembera tayi, pali maumboni ochepa achindunji ofufuza tayi, ndipo pali nthano zambiri zokhudza chiyambi cha tayi.Pomaliza, pali ziganizo zotsatirazi.

Chiphunzitso cha chitetezo cha khosi chimati tayiyi idachokera ku anthu aku Germany.Anthu a ku Germany ankakhala m’mapiri ndi m’nkhalango, ndipo ankavala zikopa za nyama kuti azifunda komanso azifunda.Pofuna kuti zikopa zisagwe, ankamanga zingwe za udzu m’khosi mwawo kuti amange zikopazo.Mwanjira imeneyi, mphepoyo inkalephera kuwomba m’khosi mwawo, choncho ankatenthedwa ndi kuletsa mphepo.Pambuyo pake, zingwe za udzu zomwe zinali m’khosi mwawo zinapezeka ndi anthu akumadzulo ndipo pang’onopang’ono anazipanga kukhala zomangira zangwiro.Anthu ena amaganiza kuti tayi inachokera kwa asodzi a m’mphepete mwa nyanja.Asodzi ankapha nsomba m’nyanja.Chifukwa chakuti m’nyanjamo munali mphepo komanso kuzizira, asodziwo anamanga lamba m’khosi mwawo kuti azitha kutentha.Chitetezo cha thupi la munthu kuti azolowere malo ndi nyengo nyengo pa nthawiyo ndi cholinga chinthu cha thayi, mtundu uwu wa chingwe udzu, lamba ndi khosi akale kwambiri.Chiphunzitso cha tie function chimanena kuti lamba wa umphumphu wa dera adachokera chifukwa cha zosowa za moyo wa anthu, ndipo anali ndi cholinga china.Pali nthano ziwiri.Nsalu yomwe amakhulupirira kuti inachokera ku Britain ngati nsalu yoti amuna azipukuta pakamwa pawo pansi pa makolala awo.Kusintha kwa mafakitale kusanachitike, Britain analinso dziko lobwerera m'mbuyo.Nyama ankadyedwa ndi manja kenako n’kuigwira kukamwa m’zigawo zazikulu.Ndevu zinali zotchuka pakati pa amuna akuluakulu.Poyankha chidetsochi, akazi ankapachika nsalu pansi pa kolala ya amuna awo kuti apukute pakamwa pawo.Patapita nthawi, nsaluyo inakhala yowonjezera ku malaya a British.Pambuyo pa Revolution ya mafakitale, dziko la Britain linakula kukhala dziko lotukuka lachikapitalist, anthu amakonda kwambiri zovala, chakudya, nyumba ndi zoyendera, ndipo nsalu yolendewera pansi pa kolala inasanduka tayi.